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Although China's precision casting output leads the world, it still faces multiple challenges:
Technology gap: high-end castings such as aircraft engine blades and nuclear power components rely on imports, and key processes (such as riserless casting) have not yet been broken through; energy consumption is 2-3 times that of developed countries, and large processing allowances lead to material waste.
Environmental pressure: Traditional casting produces a large amount of waste sand and waste gas, and the domestic recycling rate is less than 50%, while Germany has achieved 100% recycling.
Talent shortage: The casting major in colleges and universities has been cancelled, the industry's attractiveness has declined, and the gap in high-skilled talents restricts innovation.
Future development directions include:
Intelligent upgrade: Introduce digital twin technology to optimize process parameters, such as the 3D printing sand mold technology developed by Shenzhu, which shortens the R&D cycle by 60%.
New material application: Lightweight aluminum-magnesium alloys and titanium-based composite materials replace traditional steel to meet the needs of new energy vehicles and aerospace.
Green manufacturing: Promote the non-toxic treatment of wet sand and the recycling technology of old sand to reduce carbon emissions in the industry.
In the corporate case, Ma Yandong's team at Hengli Hydraulics broke the monopoly of Japan and Germany by improving the multi-way valve casting process. Their products were used in the hydraulic actuators of the "China Sky Eye" FAST, demonstrating the breakthrough of domestic high-end castings.
At the policy level, the "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the construction of industrial clusters and the integration of industry, academia and research, and promotes the industry from "scale expansion" to "quality and efficiency"9. As emerging economies undertake industrial transfer, China needs to consolidate its position in the global industrial chain through technology output and standard setting (such as leading the revision of international casting standards).
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