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As stated in the introduction the group designed a general commercial building. The specific purpose was not identified; however, the building is capable of accommodating several different purposes. The design plan includes an open lobby at its center which serves as space for consumers and a front desk or cash register. The building also provides office space with several different size offices for various ranking employees. Architectural references such as, Time Saver Standards (Callender, John Hancock, 1966), provided general floor dimensions and layouts of various aspects of commercial buildings which were used in the building design process. The group also considered floor plans of WPI's Bartlett Center as input to the overall layout andhow to build a deck with a built in bench exterior dimensions of the proposed building.The structural design of the building was a major focus of the project. When designing the steel and concrete structural framing elements the group followed the provisions of the Massachusetts State Building Code 7th Edition (Commonwealth of Massachusetts, 2008). The building code provides design values for floor loadings based on room functionality.
It also defines other design loads including snow, wind, rain, and earthquake. To establish the most effective design it was necessary to compare different framing schemes and corresponding costs. Costs were calculated using estimated unit costs per ton of steel and volume of concrete. Individual members were designed to use as little material as possible while handling design loads and meeting code restrictions. Member sizes throughout the building were also designed to be as repetitive as possible while using Project #LDA �C 1203 4 standard dimensions. The group referred to the appropriate AISC plastic wood composite furnitures(American Institute of Steel Construction, 2005) and ACI (Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (ACI318), 1983) specifications for material properties and design criteria. 2.3 Foundation Design Foundation design is an essential aspect of the overall structural design of a building. Foundations are responsible for transferring all loads from the building to the supporting ground.
They are designed in such a way that they have adequate strength to transfer and spread the load so that the soil will not be overstressed in bearing and foundation elements will have acceptable settlement. Improper settlement in the soils can create overstressed members and cause unexpected damage to structural and nonstructural elements. Therefore, foundations are designed based on the properties of the underlying soils. Investigating soil properties for a given site is accomplished through many different strategies. The most common strategy is through the use of boring holes. wood composite pecky cypress boardsBoring holes are small circular holes that extend deep into the ground and allow soil samples to be extracted. Samples can be tested on site or transported to a lab to determine characteristics such as soil type, color, water content, density, and compressive strength. Samples are taken throughout the boring process which allow for soil layers and depths to be identified. A thorough site investigation involves several boring holes. By combining data from several boring holes engineers are able to create a composite soil profile to use in the foundation design.
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