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| Group: Administrator Level: Posts: 4873 Joined: 1/28/2015 IP-Address: saved  | Fiber reinforced polymeric composites have been used for a variety of structural applications because of their high specific strength and modulus compared to metals. Initially developed for the aerospace industry, high-performance or 'advanced' composites are now found in applications from automotive parts to circuit boards, and from building materials to specialty sporting goods. Most composites currently available on the market are designed with long-term durability in mind and are made using nondegradable polymeric resins, such as epoxies and polyurethane, and high-strength fibers, such as graphite, aramids, and glass. Many of these polymers and fibers are derived from petroleum, a nonreplenishable commodity. wood plastic composite in india The push now is to use composites in place of common plastics in consumer products to improve performance and reduce weight and cost.With increasing numbers of applications and mass volume uses, in particular, recording double-digit growth worldwide, disposal of composites after their intended life is already becoming critical, as well as expensive. Because composites are made using two dissimilar materials, they cannot be easily recycled or reused. Most composites end up in landfills, while some are incinerated after use, although there are some efforts to recycle and/or reuse them. Both these disposal alternatives are expensive and wasteful, and may contribute to pollution. In addition, landfills are decreasing in number, making less space available to discard waste. For example, between 1988 and 1998 the number of landfills in the marine board material US dropped from 8000 to 23141.Many applications, e.g. secondary and tertiary structures and those used in consumer products for casing, packaging, etc., do not require the high mechanical properties that advanced composites possess. Since many of the fibers and resins are made using nondegradable, mostly petroleum-based materials, once discarded they do not degrade for several decades under normal environmental conditions. This exacerbates the existing ecological and environmental problems.In recent years, the ever-growing worldwide litter problem has raised environmental consciousness among consumers, manufacturers, and governments. Further, it is estimated that we are currently consuming petroleum at an 'unsustainable' rate, 100 000 times faster than nature can create it. To alleviate these problems, governments in many countries have established laws to encourage the use of recycled and/or bio-based 'green' products2. Some governments have enforced strict 'take back' laws requiring manufacturers to take back packaging and products after their intended use.The growing global environmental awareness and societal concern, high rate of depletion of petroleum resources, concepts of sustainability, and new environmental regulations have together triggered the search for new products and processes that are compatible wpc floor for sale with the environment. Sustainability, 'cradle-to-grave' design, industrial ecology, eco-efficiency, and 'green' chemistry are not just newly coined buzzwords, but form the principles that are guiding the development of a new generation of 'green' materials. Composite materials are no exception to this new paradigm. In fact, most major manufacturers have plans to make their products 'green' or recyclable to the maximum possible extent and are working vigorously towards that goal. Undoubtedly, environment-friendly, fully biodegradable reinforced plastics or 'green' composite materials will play a major role in greening the products of the future. | |
| 3/25/2015 8:32:06 AM |    | |
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